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Blood & immune system conditions in women

Blood carries oxygen and nutrients, and white blood cells defend you from infection. In autoimmune disease, that defense system targets your own tissues.

Illustration of blood cells: red blood cells, four kinds of white blood cell, and platelets
Illustration: Servier Medical Art, CC BY 4.0 (resized; some images adapted)

For education only — this guide can't diagnose you. If these signs sound familiar, talk with a healthcare provider. Book a consult 

Conditions that affect your blood & immune system 17

Each guide covers early signs, labs to ask about, and when to see a doctor.

Allergies

Chronic

An immune overreaction to harmless things in the environment, such as pollen, dust mites, mold, or pet dander.

Blood & immune systemLungsEyes & mouthSkin

Anemia

Chronic

Having too few healthy red blood cells, or too little hemoglobin, to carry enough oxygen through the body. Iron deficiency from heavy periods is the most common cause in women.

Blood & immune systemReproductive organsDigestive tract

Antiphospholipid syndrome

Autoimmune

Antibodies make the blood more likely to clot, raising the risk of blood clots, strokes, and pregnancy complications.

Blood & immune systemReproductive organsBrain & nerves

Chronic infections

Chronic

Ongoing symptoms that follow or are linked to an infection or exposure. Some links are well established, and others are still debated.

Blood & immune systemBrain & nervesJointsMuscles

Asthma

Chronic

Long-term inflammation of the airways that makes them swell, tighten, and fill with mucus in response to triggers, causing wheezing and shortness of breath.

LungsBlood & immune system

Celiac disease

Autoimmune

An autoimmune reaction to gluten (in wheat, barley, and rye) that damages the lining of the small intestine and blocks nutrient absorption.

Digestive tractBlood & immune systemSkinReproductive organs

Chronic spontaneous urticaria

Autoimmune

Hives that appear on their own, without a clear trigger, most days for 6 weeks or longer. In many people, autoantibodies drive the reaction.

SkinBlood & immune system

Period problems

Chronic

Very painful, heavy, irregular, or missing periods, and severe mood symptoms before a period, are common but not something you have to put up with. They often point to a treatable cause.

Reproductive organsBlood & immune systemBrain & nerves

Pernicious anemia

Autoimmune

The immune system attacks cells in the stomach lining that make intrinsic factor, a protein needed to absorb vitamin B12.

Digestive tractBlood & immune systemBrain & nerves

Uterine fibroids

Chronic

Noncancerous growths of the uterine muscle. Many cause no symptoms, but some cause heavy periods, pelvic pressure, and anemia.

Reproductive organsBlood & immune system

Fatigue and chronic fatigue

Chronic

Ongoing exhaustion that limits daily life. It can come from a treatable cause, or it can be ME/CFS, a serious illness in which effort makes symptoms worse.

MusclesBrain & nervesBlood & immune system

Polymyalgia rheumatica

Autoimmune

An immune-mediated inflammatory condition that causes pain and stiffness in the shoulders, neck, and hips, almost always after age 50.

MusclesJointsBlood & immune system

Rheumatologic conditions

Chronic

Rheumatology covers conditions of the joints, muscles, bones, and connective tissue, and many of them are autoimmune. This overview explains how inflammatory joint pain differs from mechanical pain, and where to read about specific conditions.

JointsMusclesBlood & immune systemSkin

Rheumatoid arthritis

Autoimmune

The immune system attacks the lining of the joints, causing painful swelling that can damage cartilage and bone if untreated.

JointsEyes & mouthLungsBlood & immune system

Lupus

Autoimmune

A whole-body autoimmune disease that can inflame the skin, joints, kidneys, blood, heart, lungs, and brain.

SkinHairJointsKidneysBlood & immune systemLungsBrain & nervesReproductive organs

Mixed connective tissue disease

Autoimmune

An overlap condition with features of lupus, scleroderma, and myositis, marked by high levels of an antibody called anti-U1 RNP.

JointsSkinMusclesLungsBlood & immune system

Scleroderma

Autoimmune

The immune system drives thickening and scarring of the skin, and sometimes internal organs, along with damage to small blood vessels.

SkinDigestive tractLungsKidneysBlood & immune system

Signs worth getting checked

  • Unusual fatigue or shortness of breath
  • Pale skin
  • Easy bruising or bleeding
  • A swollen, painful leg or sudden shortness of breath (possible blood clot)

About your blood & immune system

What it does

Red blood cells carry oxygen, platelets help blood clot, and white blood cells and antibodies fight infection. Autoimmune disease starts here: immune cells lose their tolerance for the body's own tissues and begin to attack them.

Common issues

  • Iron-deficiency anemia, which is very common with heavy periods
  • Low B12 or folate
  • Frequent or slow-to-clear infections
  • Easy bruising
Dr. Lesher, ND

Ready to find the root cause?

Dr. Lesher is a Naturopathic Doctor who focuses on autoimmune and chronic conditions in women. Since 2020, she's helped hundreds of patients stop managing symptoms and start healing.

Book a consult now